Paper Title
Stockholm Syndrome: Psychological Mechanisms of Victim Attachment to the Aggressor and Judicial Implications in Assessing Consent and Responsibility

Abstract
Stockholm Syndrome refers to a paradoxical psychological phenomenon in which hostages or victims of abuse develop emotional bonds with their captors or abusers. This abstract explores the underlying psychological mechanisms that contribute to the formation of such attachments and discusses the legal implications in contexts where consent and responsibility are contested. Drawing from trauma psychology, attachment theory, and cognitive dissonance frameworks, the syndrome is examined as a coping strategy that enables victims to survive extreme stress by unconsciously aligning with the aggressor. Key factors include perceived acts of kindness by the perpetrator, isolation from alternative perspectives, dependency, and the victim's fear of violence or death. These dynamics distort the victim’s perception of threat and safety, leading to a false sense of empathy or loyalty. From a judicial standpoint, understanding these psychological responses is crucial in accurately assessing victim consent, particularly in cases involving prolonged captivity, domestic violence, sexual exploitation, or coercive control. The syndrome challenges traditional notions of voluntary behavior, highlighting the need for a nuanced legal interpretation of agency and free will. Furthermore, the abstract emphasizes the importance of trauma-informed legal practices that consider the psychological state of victims when evaluating testimony, assigning culpability, and delivering justice. Recognizing Stockholm Syndrome as a legitimate psychological response may aid in preventing victim-blaming and ensure a more ethical and accurate application of the law in cases where power imbalances and manipulation are central. The paper advocates for interdisciplinary collaboration between legal and psychological professionals to improve outcomes for affected individuals. Keywords - Stockholm Syndrome, Victim-Aggressor Attachment, Psychological Trauma, Legal Consent, Judicial Responsibility